Category: Michigan

Photo: fish socks, Pexels

This page is for Michigan teens and new drivers who want to know how tickets turn into points, how long points last and what happens when they add up. Michigan’s Department of State (Secretary of State, SOS) gives each moving violation 2, 3, 4 or 6 points. Points stay on your record for two years from the conviction date. For a graduated license holder, any violation can also delay the move to the next license level.

Key facts

• Points are set by state law (MCL 257.320a) and added when you are convicted, not when you get the ticket.
• Points stay on your driving record for two years from the conviction date. SOS cannot remove them or set aside a court conviction.
• SOS may call you for a driver reexamination at 12 or more points in two years.
• Drivers under 21 face Zero Tolerance: any alcohol in the body while driving can bring 4 points and a restricted license.

How many points is each Michigan ticket?

Points	Examples of violations
6	Reckless driving; refusing a chemical test; failing to stop and identify yourself after a crash; fleeing or eluding police; a felony involving a motor vehicle
4	Drag racing; impaired driving; any bodily alcohol content when under 21; 16 mph or more over the speed limit
3	Disobeying a traffic signal or stop sign; improper passing; 11 to 15 mph over the speed limit
2	6 to 10 mph over the speed limit; open alcohol container in the vehicle; most other moving violations

The list in the official handbook is longer. Check Chapter 2 of “What Every Driver Must Know” for a specific offense.

Phone tickets work differently. A first hands-free law ticket adds no points, a second adds 1 and a third or later adds 2. The Michigan State Police say a Kelsey’s Law ticket (the teen phone ban) adds none. Details are in Michigan Kelsey’s Law and the hands-free law.

What happens as points build up

1. Warning letter: SOS writes to drivers with four points in two years to tell them their record is worse than average.
2. Driver reexamination: SOS may require a reexamination if you reach 12 or more points within two years.
3. Other reexamination triggers include three at-fault crashes in two years, a fatal crash, convictions for breaking license restrictions, or reason to believe you are unfit to drive.

A reexamination can end with no action, added restrictions, or suspension. Bring your license and any paperwork SOS asks for.

Michigan rules that hit young drivers hardest

Graduated license progress

• Level 1 to Level 2: no moving violations, at-fault crashes or suspensions in the 90 days before you apply.
• Level 2 to Level 3: 12 months in a row with no moving violations, at-fault crashes, suspensions or GDL restriction violations.

So one ticket can push back your Level 3 license, even if the points are low. The stages are explained in Michigan graduated licensing Levels 1, 2 and 3.

Zero Tolerance for drivers under 21

Under 21, it is illegal to drive with a blood alcohol content of 0.02 to 0.07, or with any alcohol in your body except from a recognized religious ceremony. SOS lists these consequences for a first offense:

• 4 points on your record
• a 30-day license restriction
• a fine and community service set by the court (official sources give different maximums, so check the current figure with SOS or the court)

Refusing a preliminary breath test when under 21 adds 2 points and is a civil infraction. A blood alcohol level of 0.08 or more is handled as adult drunk driving (OWI), with much heavier penalties. The national picture is in zero tolerance laws for drivers under 21.

Worked example

A Level 2 driver is convicted of 12 mph over the limit (3 points) in March, then runs a stop sign (3 points) in August. That is 6 points, under the 12-point reexamination level. But the 12-month clean period needed for Level 3 restarts after each conviction, so the earliest Level 3 date moves to 12 months after the August conviction. Both sets of points stay on the record for two years.

Common questions

How long do points stay on a Michigan driving record?

Two years from the date of conviction.

How many points before you lose your license in Michigan?

There is no automatic cutoff. At 12 or more points in two years, SOS may call you for a reexamination, which can lead to suspension.

Can I get points taken off my record?

SOS says it cannot remove points or set aside a conviction. Points drop off after two years.

Does a parking ticket give points?

Points are for moving violations. Parking tickets are not moving violations.

Is 0.02 really the limit for under 21s in Michigan?

Zero Tolerance covers 0.02 to 0.07 or any alcohol in your body. In practice, the only safe amount is none.

Do out-of-state tickets count?

Your driving record from a previous state becomes part of your Michigan record when you move. See moving to Michigan.

How other states compare: points systems and license suspensions in the US. Start from learning to drive in Michigan for the full process.

Sources

• Michigan Department of State, “What Every Driver Must Know”, October 2025, Chapter 2: Your Driving Record (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “Point System” and “How does the Michigan penalty point system work?” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “Substance Abuse and Driving” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Legislature, “MCL Section 257.320a” and “MCL Section 257.320” (legislature.mi.gov)
• Michigan Judicial Institute, Traffic Benchbook, “Holding or Using a Mobile Electronic Device While Driving” (courts.michigan.gov)
• Michigan State Police, “Kelsey’s Law flyer” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “Drivers under 18” FAQs (michigan.gov)

Photo: Anon, Pexels

Michigan has two phone laws that matter to new drivers. Kelsey’s Law bans Level 1 and Level 2 graduated license holders from using a cell phone while driving at all. The hands-free law, in effect since June 30, 2023, bans every driver from holding or manually using a phone or other mobile device. This page explains what each one allows, the penalties and how they affect a teen’s record.

Kelsey’s Law vs the hands-free law at a glance

	Kelsey’s Law (MCL 257.602c)	Hands-free law (MCL 257.602b)
Who it covers	Level 1 and Level 2 GDL drivers	All drivers
What it bans	Using a cell phone while driving: starting a call, answering a call, or listening to or taking part in a conversation on it	Holding a device, or manually using it, while driving
Hands-free calls	Not a way around the ban: the ban covers calls, not just handheld calls	Allowed if you use only limited one-touch actions
Type of offense	Civil infraction	Civil infraction
Points	None, according to the Michigan State Police	None for a first offense; 1 for a second; 2 for a third or later

What Kelsey’s Law means for Level 1 and Level 2 drivers

If you hold a Level 1 Learner’s License or a Level 2 Intermediate License, you may not use a cell phone while driving on a Michigan street or highway. “Use” in the law means starting a call, answering a call, or listening to or taking part in a voice conversation on the phone. The ban sits on top of the hands-free law, so texting, scrolling and holding the phone are also off limits.

Emergency exceptions. You may use the phone to report:

• a traffic crash, medical emergency or serious road hazard
• a situation where your personal safety is in danger
• a crime, or to prevent one

Built-in voice systems. Official sources disagree on whether a voice-operated system built into the car is allowed. A Michigan State Police flyer lists it as an exception, while the State Police FAQ says the current law bans it. Until this is clear, the safe choice is not to make or take calls at all while you hold a Level 1 or Level 2 license.

Penalty. A violation is a civil infraction. The State Police say no points are added, and that fees on the ticket can be up to $240. The court sets the final amount.

Once you reach a Level 3 license, Kelsey’s Law no longer applies, but the hands-free law does. The stages are explained in Michigan graduated licensing Levels 1, 2 and 3.

Michigan’s hands-free law for all drivers

While driving, you may not hold a mobile electronic device, which includes phones and tablets. “Hold” means supporting it with any part of your hands, arms or shoulders. You also may not use it by hand to call, text, browse, watch or record video, or use apps.

Adults can use a device hands-free when they only need a single tap, swipe or button press to start or end a function, for example with the phone in a mount. Emergency calls are allowed.

Hands-free law penalties

Offense	Fine or community service	Points
First	$100, or 16 hours of community service, or both	0
Second or later	$250, or 24 hours of community service, or both	1 for a second, 2 for a third or later
At fault in a crash while breaking the law	The fine is doubled	As above
3 or more violations within 3 years	The court must order a basic driver improvement course	As above

Court costs are added on top. Check the current total with the court that handles the ticket.

Why a phone ticket matters more for a teen

• Moving to Level 2 requires a clean record, with no violations or at-fault crashes in the 90 days before you apply.
• Moving to Level 3 requires 12 months in a row with no moving violations, at-fault crashes, license suspensions or GDL restriction violations.
• Any points count toward the totals that can trigger a Secretary of State reexamination. See Michigan point system and young driver rules.

Scenario: what is legal for a Level 2 driver?

• Phone in a mount, music already playing: fine, as long as you do not touch it to scroll or pick songs while moving.
• Friend calls, you tap “answer” on the mount: breaks Kelsey’s Law, even though an adult could do it.
• You see a crash and call 911: allowed under both laws.
• Checking a text at a red light: breaks the hands-free law. Stopping in traffic still counts as driving.

Common questions

Does Kelsey’s Law ban hands-free calls?

Yes. It bans Level 1 and Level 2 drivers from making, answering or taking part in calls, not only handheld use. Official sources disagree about built-in car voice systems, so avoid calls entirely.

Does a Kelsey’s Law ticket add points?

The Michigan State Police say no points are assessed. A hands-free law ticket can add points from the second offense.

Can I use my phone for GPS as a teen in Michigan?

Only hands-free. Set the route before you move and do not hold or type on the phone while driving.

When did Michigan’s hands-free law start?

June 30, 2023.

Is a smartwatch covered?

The hands-free law covers mobile electronic devices, not only phones. Treat a watch like a phone and do not use it by hand while driving.

For other states’ rules see hands-free and texting laws for US drivers. The full Michigan process is in learning to drive in Michigan, and practice-driving tips are in the Michigan 50-hour supervised driving log.

Sources

• Michigan Legislature, “MCL Section 257.602c” (legislature.mi.gov)
• Michigan Legislature, “MCL Section 257.602b” (legislature.mi.gov)
• Michigan State Police, Office of Highway Safety Planning, “Kelsey’s Law flyer: Level 1 and Level 2 License holders under the Graduated Driver Licensing” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan State Police, “Traffic Laws FAQs” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Judicial Institute, Traffic Benchbook, “Holding or Using a Mobile Electronic Device While Driving” (courts.michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “What Every Driver Must Know”, October 2025, Chapters 2 and 4 (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “Drivers under 18” FAQs (michigan.gov)

Photo: SAIF SIDDIQUE, Pexels

This guide is for anyone who has just moved to Michigan and needs to swap an existing driver’s license for a Michigan one, including parents of teens who started learning somewhere else. Michigan gives new residents no grace period: the Michigan Department of State (Secretary of State, SOS) says to apply as soon as you establish residency. If your license is from another US state, Canada, Germany or South Korea, you can usually convert it with a vision test and no written or driving test.

Key facts

• Deadline: no grace period under Michigan law. Visit an SOS office as soon as you become a resident.
• Tests: licenses from another US state, Canada, Germany or the Republic of Korea convert without the knowledge test, Temporary Instruction Permit (TIP) or driving skills test. You still take a vision test.
• Other countries: you may have to pass the knowledge test, get a TIP and pass the driving skills test.
• Teens: Michigan’s graduated licensing program still applies. Out-of-state driver education may or may not be accepted.

How to transfer an out-of-state license to Michigan

1. Book a visit to a Secretary of State office. The conversion is done in person.
2. Gather your documents (see the checklist below). SOS must approve every document, and approval may not happen the same day, so a second visit is possible.
3. Bring your current license. SOS converts it to a Michigan license.
4. Pass the vision test and have your photo taken.
5. Pay the license fee. Check the current amount with the Michigan Department of State before you go.

Until you have the residency documents SOS accepts, the official guidance is that you can keep using your out-of-state license in the meantime. Once residency is established, do not wait.

Documents checklist

• Your current driver’s license
• Proof of a valid Social Security number
• Proof of US citizenship or legal presence
• Proof of identity
• At least two documents that show your Michigan address. SOS lists items such as a utility bill, credit card bill or account statement issued within the last 90 days, a pay stub or earnings statement, a mortgage, rental or lease agreement, or an insurance policy.

If you want a REAL ID compliant card, the document rules are stricter. The REAL ID document guide explains what to bring.

Moving to Michigan with a foreign driver’s license

Where your license is from	What Michigan asks for
Another US state or Canada	Vision test and conversion. No knowledge test, TIP or skills test.
Germany or South Korea	Under a bilateral agreement, citizens over 18 who are lawfully present in the US and live in Michigan can exchange a valid license after a vision test and fees. No knowledge or road test.
Any other country	You may need to pass the written knowledge test, hold a TIP and pass the driving skills test, like a new adult driver.

If you end up on the new-driver route as an adult, read the Michigan Temporary Instruction Permit guide and the Michigan knowledge test guide for drivers 18 and over. In Michigan the road test is run by approved third-party testers, covered in Michigan third-party road test providers. For visiting rather than moving, see driving in the US on a foreign license.

Teens moving to Michigan: how graduated licensing applies

Under 18, you need to come through Michigan’s Graduated Driver Licensing (GDL) program. SOS says the full program includes Segment 1, Segment 2 and the driving skills test, with Level 1, 2 and 3 licenses along the way (explained in Michigan graduated licensing Levels 1, 2 and 3).

• Out-of-state driver ed is not automatically accepted. SOS says it might be accepted and advises calling its Information Center at 1-888-SOS-MICH.
• Minimum standard: to count, the course must meet Michigan’s minimum of 30 hours of classroom and 6 hours behind the wheel.
• If it is not accepted, the teen enrolls in Segment 1 of an approved Michigan course. See Michigan Segment 1 explained.
• Extra test: SOS says applicants with out-of-state driver education certificates take Michigan’s Original Operator License Test.
• Online-only courses sold over the internet cannot replace a certified Michigan driver education program.
• Your record follows you. SOS gets your driving record from your previous state and adds it to your Michigan record.

One rule is clear: the handbook says GDL is waived for a teen who has held a valid license from another state for more than a year. For a shorter-held license or a learner permit, confirm the right GDL level with SOS before your visit.

Common questions

How long do I have to get a Michigan license after moving?

Michigan has no grace period. SOS says to apply as soon as you establish residency.

Do I have to retake the driving test in Michigan?

Not if your license is valid and from another US state, Canada, Germany or South Korea. You still take a vision test.

Can I keep driving on my old license while I collect documents?

SOS says an out-of-state license can be used in the interim until you have enough residency documents.

My teen has a permit from another state. Can they keep driving in Michigan?

Check with SOS. Michigan teens must come through its GDL program, and out-of-state driver ed is accepted only case by case.

Is my out-of-state driving record wiped when I move?

No. SOS requests your record from your old state and it becomes part of your Michigan record.

Do I also need to move my car title and registration?

Yes. SOS says new residents should apply for a license, vehicle title and registration as soon as residency is established.

Moving between other states? The guide to moving to a new state compares the rules. The full Michigan process is in learning to drive in Michigan.

Sources

• Michigan Department of State, “New Michigan residents” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “New drivers 18 and older” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “Drivers under 18” FAQs (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “Foreign Driver’s License Reciprocity” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “What Every Driver Must Know”, October 2025, Chapter 1 (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “What Every Driver Must Know” (SOS-133, Rev. 03/24 edition read; current edition October 2025)

Photo: Dougtone, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

A Temporary Instruction Permit (TIP) lets an adult 18 or older practice driving in Michigan with a licensed adult before the road test. You get it after passing the knowledge test, at a Secretary of State (SOS) office. You must hold it for at least 30 days before the driving skills test, unless SOS waives that because you were licensed before.

Key facts (as of November 2026)

• Who: first-time drivers aged 18 or older.
• First: pass the knowledge test, including the road sign test (online or at an SOS office).
• Permit fee: $25, per the July 2025 SOS announcement. Check the current fee with SOS.
• Valid for: up to 180 days (SOS also describes this as six months).
• Wait: 30 days before the driving skills test.

How to get a TIP in Michigan

1. Pass the knowledge test. Online or in an office. See the Michigan knowledge test for adults. A pass stays valid for one year.
2. Visit an SOS office. Even if you tested online, the permit is issued in person. Staff check your eligibility and documents.
3. Pay the permit fee.
4. Practice with a licensed adult.
5. After 30 days, book the driving skills test with an approved testing business. See Michigan road test providers and fees.

What you need for the SOS visit

SOS checks identity and residency documents for a first license. Use the SOS document checklist on michigan.gov before you go. If you want a REAL ID compliant license, bring the documents for that too; see REAL ID for your first license.

Driving on a Michigan TIP

• Drive only with a licensed adult supervising.
• Michigan’s hands-free law applies to you: do not hold or support a phone while driving.
• Practice what the road test checks: forward stops, backing, smooth braking and signaling about 100 feet before turns. See the Michigan driving skills test.

Can the 30-day wait be waived?

SOS branch staff may waive it if you were previously licensed in Michigan, another state or another country. Bring proof of the earlier license. If you are moving with a current license, read moving to Michigan first; you may not need a TIP at all.

If your TIP runs out

The TIP is valid for up to 180 days. If it expires before you pass, ask SOS what you need to do to get a new one.

Common questions

Do adults need driver education in Michigan?

No. Driver education is required only for teens under 18.

How long do I have to hold a TIP before the road test?

At least 30 days, unless SOS waives it for a previous license.

Can I pick up my TIP online?

No. You can take the knowledge test online, but the TIP is issued at an SOS office.

How long is a Michigan TIP valid?

Up to 180 days.

I have a foreign license. Do I need a TIP?

Ask SOS. The 30-day wait may be waived for drivers licensed in another country. See driving in the US on a foreign license.

Back to the main guide: learning to drive in Michigan.

Sources

• Michigan Department of State, “New drivers (18 and older)” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “Michigan Secretary of State now offers online driver’s license testing for adults” (July 2025) (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “Temporary Instruction Permits” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “First-time license or ID” (michigan.gov)

Photo: Grant, Pexels

In Michigan, the Secretary of State does not give the car road test. Approved driver testing businesses do, under written agreements with the Michigan Department of State. Each business sets its own fees, which are not regulated by law. This page explains how to find a tester, what to ask before you book and how to avoid paying a middleman.

Key facts

• Driving skills tests are given by public and private driver testing businesses with SOS-authorized examiners.
• Test fees are set by the business, not the state.
• Find a tester with the SOS driver testing business search on michigan.gov. Lists are also at SOS branch offices.

How to find a Michigan driving test location

1. Use the driver testing business search on the Michigan Department of State website, or ask at a branch office for the list.
2. Pick two or three businesses near you.
3. Call or check their booking pages and ask the questions below.
4. Book, and confirm what to bring: your license or permit, your driving log if you are a teen, and an insured, registered car that will pass inspection.

Questions to ask before you pay

SOS tells applicants to ask about all fees. Use this list:

Ask about	Why it matters
Initial test fee	Prices vary between businesses
Retest fee	Failing any part means starting again from the vehicle inspection
Refund policy	In case you need to cancel
Charge for improper documents	Missing papers can end the test before it starts
Charge for defective equipment	A missing mirror or broken taillight cancels the test
No-show charge	Some charge if you miss the appointment

Watch out for facilitators

SOS warns that some businesses advertise driving tests but are really facilitators: they charge a fee to take you to an approved tester. Book directly with a business from the SOS search to avoid paying twice.

Retests

• One attempt per 24 hours, unless the test ended because of faulty equipment or documents.
• Each attempt starts from the vehicle inspection.
• The retest fee is whatever your testing business charges.

What the test involves: Michigan driving skills test.

Common questions

Can I take the road test at a Secretary of State office?

No. Car road tests are given by approved driver testing businesses.

How much is the Michigan road test?

Each business sets its own fee. There is no state-set price, so compare before booking.

Can my driving school also test me?

Only if the school is also an approved driver testing business. Check the SOS search.

Do I need my own car?

Ask the business. Whatever car you use must pass the vehicle inspection, with valid insurance, registration and plates.

What happens if I fail?

Wait at least 24 hours, pay the retest fee and start again from the inspection.

Related: Michigan TIP for adults, Michigan 50-hour log and US road test by state. Back to the main guide: learning to drive in Michigan.

Sources

• Michigan Department of State, “Driver testing businesses and examiners” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “Driving Skills Test Study Guide” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “New drivers (18 and older)” (michigan.gov)

Photo: Dougtone, CC BY-SA 2.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Michigan teens need at least 50 hours of supervised driving, including 10 at night, before the driving skills test for a Level 2 license. At least 30 of those hours, including 2 at night, must be logged before Segment 2. A parent or legal guardian signs a certification that the hours are complete, and you show the log at the test. This checklist covers who can supervise, what to record and when each total is due.

Michigan supervised driving checklist

• [ ] Level 1 learner’s license issued (start logging from here).
• [ ] Every drive with a licensed parent or guardian, or a licensed driver 21 or older the parent designates.
• [ ] 30 hours logged, at least 2 at night, before Segment 2.
• [ ] 50 hours logged in total, at least 10 at night, before the driving skills test.
• [ ] Parent or guardian certification signed.
• [ ] Log brought to the driving skills test.

The two log milestones

Milestone	Total hours	Night hours	Also needed
Before Segment 2	30	2	3 continuous months on Level 1
Before the driving skills test	50	10	6 months on Level 1, Segment 2 finished

The first 30 hours count toward the 50, so after Segment 2 you need 20 more, including 8 more at night if you only had 2 night hours at that point.

Where to get the Michigan driving log

The Michigan Department of State publishes a “Michigan Supervised Driving Log” form and a Supervised Driving Guide for parents with a sample log. The parent guide SOS-383 explains the GDL steps. Check michigan.gov for the current version of each before you start.

What to write for each drive

• Date
• Start and end time, so day and night hours are clear
• Total time
• Supervisor’s name or initials
• Conditions and skills practiced (rain, freeway, parking, rush hour)

Use the columns on the official form. Keep a running total so you know when you reach 30 and 50.

Make the 50 hours count

• Spread drives across the year so you get rain, snow and darkness, not only summer afternoons. See driving in snow, fog and rain.
• Practice the low-speed exercises on the Michigan driving skills test: forward stops and backing into a space.
• Add freeway time before Level 2. See freeway driving for new drivers.
• Phones stay away: Kelsey’s Law bans Level 1 drivers from using a cell phone while driving.

Common questions

Who can supervise a Michigan Level 1 driver?

A licensed parent or legal guardian, or a licensed driver 21 or older whom the parent or guardian designates.

Do driver education hours count toward the 50?

The 50 hours are supervised driving logged with your parent or designated adult. Ask your provider and check SOS-383 if you are unsure how lesson time is treated.

How many night hours do I need?

At least 10 of the 50. At least 2 must be done before Segment 2.

Who signs the log?

A parent or legal guardian signs a certification that the 50 hours are done.

Can I take the skills test once I hit 50 hours?

Only if you have also held Level 1 for 6 months and finished Segment 2.

How do other states compare?

See supervised driving hours by state.

Related: Michigan Segment 2 and Michigan GDL Levels 1, 2 and 3. Back to the main guide: learning to drive in Michigan.

Sources

• Michigan Department of State, “Michigan’s Graduated Driver Licensing: A Guide for Parents” (SOS-383) (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “Michigan Supervised Driving Log” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “Supervised Driving Guide” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “New drivers (under 18)” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Legislature, “MCL 257.310e Graduated licensing” (legislature.mi.gov)

Photo: Daniel, Pexels

Segment 2 is the second, shorter part of Michigan teen driver education. You can enroll once you have held a Level 1 learner’s license for at least 3 continuous months and logged at least 30 hours of supervised driving, including 2 at night. The course is at least 6 hours of classroom and ends with a state exam you must pass with at least 70%. Finishing it is one of the requirements for the driving skills test.

Key facts

• Enroll after 3 continuous months on Level 1.
• 30 logged hours first, 2 of them at night.
• At least 6 hours of classroom.
• State exam: 70% to pass.

When can you book Segment 2 in Michigan?

Book when both conditions will be met on the first day of class:

1. 3 continuous months on Level 1. Count from the date your Level 1 license was issued.
2. 30 hours in your driving log, at least 2 at night. These hours count toward the 50 you need later. See the 50-hour log checklist.

Bring the log in case the provider asks to see it.

Worked example

A teen gets Level 1 on March 1. The earliest Segment 2 start is June 1, but only if 30 hours (2 at night) are already logged. With 25 hours logged by June 1, the teen books a later class and keeps driving until the log reaches 30.

Plan Segment 2 against the skills test

Milestone	Rule
Segment 2 start	3 months on Level 1 + 30 hours (2 night)
Driving skills test	6 months on Level 1 + Segment 2 done + 50 hours (10 night)
Level 2 license	Age 16 + skills test passed + 90 clean days

The 3-month mark is only for Segment 2. You still need 6 months on Level 1 before the driving skills test.

Common questions

Can I take Segment 2 right after Segment 1?

No. You need 3 continuous months on Level 1 and 30 logged hours first.

Is there driving in Segment 2?

The legal minimum is 6 hours of classroom. Ask your provider whether its course adds anything.

Do the 30 hours count toward the 50?

Yes. You need 50 in total, 10 at night, before the skills test.

What if I fail the Segment 2 test?

You need at least 70%. Ask your provider how retakes work.

Can I take Segment 2 with a different school?

Ask the new provider. It must be an approved Michigan driver education provider.

Related: Michigan Segment 1 explained and Michigan GDL Levels 1, 2 and 3. Back to the main guide: learning to drive in Michigan.

Sources

• Michigan Department of State, “GDL Roadmap” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “New drivers (under 18)” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “Teen Driver Education” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Legislature, “MCL 257.310e Graduated licensing” (legislature.mi.gov)

Photo: Michael Barera, CC BY-SA 4.0, via Wikimedia Commons

Segment 1 is the first part of Michigan driver education and the first step to a teen driver’s license. You can start at 14 years 8 months with a parent or guardian’s permission. The course has at least 24 hours of classroom, 6 hours behind the wheel and 4 hours of observation, and ends with a state exam you must pass with at least 70%. Passing it lets you apply for a Level 1 learner’s license from 14 years 9 months.

Segment 1 requirements in Michigan

Part	Minimum	Scheduling rules
Classroom	24 hours	No more than 2 hours a day, spread over 3 or more weeks
Behind the wheel	6 hours	No more than 1 hour a day. At least 4 classroom hours must come first. Up to 2 hours can be replaced by time at a multiple-vehicle driving facility
Observation	4 hours	Sitting in the back while another student drives with the instructor
State exam	70% to pass	Taken at the end of the course

These are legal minimums under MCL 256.657. Some providers run longer courses.

Who can take Segment 1?

• Teens at least 14 years 8 months old.
• With permission from a parent or legal guardian.
• Through a driver education provider approved by the Michigan Department of State. Ask the provider to confirm its approval before you pay.

What happens after Segment 1

1. Pass the Segment 1 state exam (70% or more).
2. From 14 years 9 months, apply at a Secretary of State office for your Level 1 learner’s license with your parent or guardian’s approval.
3. Drive only with a licensed parent, guardian or designated licensed adult 21 or older, and start your driving log. See the 50-hour log checklist.
4. After 3 continuous months on Level 1 and 30 logged hours (2 at night), take Segment 2.

Picking a Segment 1 course

• Timing: because classroom is capped at 2 hours a day over at least 3 weeks, Segment 1 cannot be squeezed into one week.
• Driving lessons: ask how the 6 behind-the-wheel hours are scheduled. They are capped at 1 hour a day.
• Exam retakes: ask the provider what happens if you score under 70%.
• Price: set by the provider. Compare a few.

Common questions

How old do you have to be for Segment 1 in Michigan?

At least 14 years 8 months, with parent or guardian permission.

Can I drive after Segment 1?

Not on your own. You can get a Level 1 learner’s license from 14 years 9 months and drive with a qualified supervisor.

What score do I need on the Segment 1 test?

At least 70%.

Can Segment 1 be done in two weeks?

No. Classroom must be spread over 3 or more weeks.

Do adults need Segment 1?

No. Adults 18 and older go through the Temporary Instruction Permit route instead.

What is the difference between Segment 1 and Segment 2?

Segment 1 comes first and gets you a Level 1 license. Segment 2 is a shorter course taken after time on Level 1. See Michigan GDL Levels 1, 2 and 3.

Back to the main guide: learning to drive in Michigan.

Sources

• Michigan Legislature, “MCL 256.657 Driver Education Provider and Instructor Act” (legislature.mi.gov)
• Michigan Legislature, “MCL 257.310e Graduated licensing” (legislature.mi.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “Michigan’s Graduated Driver Licensing: A Guide for Parents” (SOS-383) (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “GDL Roadmap” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “New drivers (under 18)” (michigan.gov)

Photo: Dwight Burdette, CC BY 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

If you are 18 or older and getting your first Michigan driver’s license, you must pass the knowledge test, which includes a road sign test, before you can get a Temporary Instruction Permit. Since July 2025 you can take it online from home or at a Secretary of State (SOS) office; both are the same test. Teens under 18 do not take this test: they pass the Segment 1 and Segment 2 driver education exams instead.

Key facts (as of November 2026)

• Two sections: operator knowledge (about 45 minutes online) and road signs (about 15 minutes online).
• Online option for adults 18+ since July 2025, identical to the office test.
• Online convenience fee: $6.50 per attempt, per the July 2025 SOS announcement.
• Up to two online attempts per calendar day.
• A passed result is valid for one year.

What is on the Michigan knowledge test?

The test checks what is in “What Every Driver Must Know” (October 2025 edition). Focus on the driving chapters:

Handbook chapter	What to learn
4 Traffic Laws	Hands-free phone law, seat belts, work zones, school buses, right of way, speed, turning, passing, parking
5 Signs, Pavement Markings and Signals	Sign shapes and colors, lane markings, traffic signals (the road sign section)
6 Sharing the Road	Pedestrians, cyclists, motorcycles, large trucks
7 Emergencies and Special Situations	Crashes, breakdowns, bad weather

The handbook’s “Safe Driving Knowledge Test” section has sample questions. Ask your SOS office if you want the current number of questions and pass mark.

Helpful refreshers: US road signs by shape and color, US pavement markings and traffic signals in the US.

How to take the Michigan knowledge test online

1. Check your setup: a computer with a keyboard and mouse, and a webcam. Touch screens are not allowed.
2. Start the test through the SOS online service and pay the convenience fee.
3. Keep your face in view. The webcam takes random photos during the test to check for violations.
4. If you fail, you may try again the same day, up to two attempts per calendar day, paying the fee each time.
5. Once you pass, visit an SOS office to get your Temporary Instruction Permit. Staff check your eligibility and documents there. See the Michigan TIP guide.

Taking the test at an SOS office instead

You can still take the same test at an SOS office. This suits you if you do not have a webcam or would rather test in person. Check the SOS website for appointment options at your branch. Arrive at least one hour before the office closes so you have time to finish. Knowledge tests are offered in many languages, and an interpreter can be used for the written test (call 888-SOS-MICH ahead for the list).

Online or in person?

	Online	SOS office
Who	Adults 18+	Adults 18+
Test content	Same test	Same test
Extra fee	$6.50 convenience fee per attempt	No convenience fee; check other fees with SOS
Equipment	Keyboard, mouse, webcam	Provided
Permit	Still collected at an office	Issued at the office

Common questions

Can I take the Michigan permit test online?

Yes, if you are 18 or older. Under-18s do not take this test.

How long does the online test take?

SOS gives about 45 minutes for the operator section and about 15 minutes for the road sign section.

Can I use my phone or tablet?

No. You need a computer with a keyboard and mouse. Touch screens are not allowed.

What happens if I fail?

You can retake it online up to twice per calendar day, paying the fee each time.

How long is a pass valid?

One year. Get your TIP within that time.

Do I need driver education as an adult?

No. Driver education is required only for teens under 18.

How does Michigan’s test compare with other states?

See US permit test by state.

Back to the main guide: learning to drive in Michigan.

Sources

• Michigan Department of State, “New drivers (18 and older)” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “Michigan Secretary of State now offers online driver’s license testing for adults” (July 2025) (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “What Every Driver Must Know” (October 2025) (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “What Every Driver Must Know: Safe Driving Knowledge Test” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “What Every Driver Must Know” (SOS-133, Rev. 03/24 edition read; current edition October 2025)

Photo: Dwight Burdette, CC BY 3.0, via Wikimedia Commons

The Michigan driving skills test has three parts taken in order: a vehicle inspection, an off-road basic control skills test and an on-road driving test. You pass basic control with 6 errors or fewer, and you fail the on-road part at 26 points or more. This guide covers how each part is scored, what ends a test early and what to bring, based on the Michigan Department of State’s Driving Skills Test Study Guide and test documents.

Key facts

• Given by approved driver testing businesses, not by the Secretary of State.
• Order: vehicle inspection, basic control skills, on-road test.
• Basic control: 6 errors or fewer to continue.
• On-road: 26 points or more is a fail. Some errors are an automatic fail.
• Failing any part ends the test. One attempt per 24 hours.

Who can take the Michigan driving skills test?

• Teens: Level 1 held for at least 6 months, Segment 2 finished, and 50 supervised hours (10 at night) with a parent or guardian’s signed certification. Bring the log; the examiner needs to see it. See the 50-hour log checklist.
• Adults 18+: at least 30 days on a Temporary Instruction Permit, unless SOS waived it. See the Michigan TIP guide.

Book with a testing business. See Michigan road test providers and fees.

Part 1: vehicle inspection

The examiner checks your car before anything else. If it does not meet legal or safety standards, for example a missing side mirror or a broken taillight, the test is cancelled. The examiner also checks the insurance, registration and plates.

Before test day, check:

• both side mirrors are in place
• every light works, including taillights, brake lights and turn signals
• proof of insurance and registration are current and in the car
• plates are on the vehicle

Part 2: basic control skills test

An off-road set of low-speed exercises. The study guide describes three for cars, including a forward stop and backing exercises. You are scored on:

• Encroachments: each time the car touches an exercise boundary is an error.
• Repositions: each time you pull forward or back to correct is an error.
• Final position: where the car ends up, for example how close the front bumper stops to the stop line on the forward stop.

You need 6 errors or fewer to go on to the road. Check the current study guide for the exact layout of each exercise.

Part 3: on-road driving test

Points are added for each error. A score of 26 points or more fails. The study guide’s on-road advice includes:

• signal about 100 feet before a turn
• brake smoothly
• stop before the stop line
• keep both hands on the wheel during turns

Automatic fails

The Department of State publishes an Automobile Road Skills Test Termination List. Any item on it ends the test at once, whatever your points. Read the current list before your test, ideally with your supervising driver. More than 6 errors on basic control is also on the list.

If you fail the Michigan road test

1. Testing stops at the part you failed.
2. Next time you start again from the vehicle inspection.
3. Only one attempt is allowed in 24 hours, unless the test ended because of faulty equipment or documents.
4. Retest fees are set by the testing business. Ask before you book.

For the mistakes that fail most learners, see common reasons people fail the US driving test.

Common questions

How many points fail the Michigan driving test?

26 points or more on the on-road part, or any item on the termination list.

How many mistakes can I make on basic control?

6 errors or fewer. A 7th error ends the test.

Can I retake the test the same day?

No, unless the test ended because of faulty equipment or documents. The limit is one attempt per 24 hours.

Can a broken taillight stop my test?

Yes. The examiner cancels the test if the car fails the inspection.

Do I have to redo basic control if I failed on the road?

Yes. Each new attempt starts from the vehicle inspection.

Is the test the same in every state?

No. Compare in US road test by state.

Back to the main guide: learning to drive in Michigan.

Sources

• Michigan Department of State, “Driving Skills Test Study Guide” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “Automobile Road Skills Test Termination List” (May 2023) (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “Automobile Road Skills Test Instructions” (May 2023) (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “Driver testing businesses and examiners” (michigan.gov)
• Michigan Department of State, “New drivers (under 18)” (michigan.gov)