Weather, road surfaces and hazards

By the end of this topic you can

• You can name surfaces that reduce traction for a motorcycle.
• You can adjust speed, braking and lean in rain.
• You can cross tracks, grates and uneven pavement safely.
• You can handle strong crosswinds and passing large vehicles.
• You can use lane position, lights and clothing to stay visible.

What you need to know and understand

• Roads are often most slippery when rain first starts, as oil lifts from the surface.
• Painted lines, metal covers, steel plates and leaves can be slick when wet.
• Gravel often collects at road edges and on the outside of curves.
• Cross railroad tracks as close to a right angle as is safe.
• Cars turning left in front of riders at intersections are a common crash type.
• Motorcycles are small and easy for drivers to miss or misjudge for speed and distance.

Rain and wet roads

Wear rain gear that stays bright and does not flap. A fogged visor is dangerous, so use an anti-fog insert or vent the helmet.

• Slow down and increase following distance.
• Brake earlier and more gently, using both brakes.
• Lean less in curves by taking them more slowly.
• Ride in the tire tracks of cars where the surface is often drier and oil is thinner.
• Avoid painted lines, manhole covers and puddles that may hide potholes.

Tracks, grates and rough pavement

Grooved pavement and metal bridge gratings can make the motorcycle feel wobbly. Stay relaxed, hold a steady speed and ride straight across.

1. Spot the hazard early and check mirrors before changing your path.
2. Slow down before you reach it, then keep the motorcycle upright.
3. Rise slightly off the seat with your weight on the footrests for bumps and debris.
4. Keep a firm grip and roll on gently to keep the front light.
5. Cross tracks and pavement seams at as close to a right angle as is safe.

Wind, large vehicles and visibility

Gusts on open roads and bridges can push a motorcycle sideways, and passing a truck can create a buffeting wake. Grip firmly but relax your arms, and pick a lane position away from the gust or the truck where you can.

To be seen, ride with your headlight on, wear bright gear, and avoid sitting in a driver's blind spot. At intersections, cover your brakes, watch the front wheels of turning cars and have an escape path ready.

Common mistakes

• Riding at dry-road speeds when rain first starts: slow down most in the first minutes of rain.
• Braking hard on gravel or a wet painted line: brake before you reach it, while upright.
• Assuming a driver has seen you: watch their wheels and be ready to stop or swerve.
• Lingering beside large trucks: pass smoothly or drop back where the driver can see you.

Test yourself: Weather, road surfaces and hazards

Answer each question, then read the explanation. Questions come in a random order each time.