Three-point turn and backing up

By the end of this topic you can

• You can choose a safe, legal place for a three-point turn.
• You can complete the turn in three smooth movements.
• You can back up in a straight line for a set distance.
• You can keep looking all around throughout each maneuver.
• You can yield to other road users who appear during the maneuver.

What you need to know and understand

• Only turn around where it is legal and you can see clearly in both directions.
• Avoid turning around on hills, curves, near intersections or on busy roads.
• When backing, turn and look through the rear window; mirrors and cameras alone are not enough.
• Keep your speed to a slow walking pace when reversing.
• If a vehicle or pedestrian approaches, stop and let them pass before continuing.
• New York's manual says you may be asked to make a three-point turn on the road test; other states set their own maneuvers.

The three-point turn, step by step

If the street is very narrow you may need an extra back-and-forth movement. That is safer than hitting the curb.

1. Pull over to the right curb and stop. Check mirrors and blind spot, and signal left.
2. When it is clear both ways, move forward slowly, turning the wheel sharply left. Stop before the far curb.
3. Shift to reverse. Look all around, especially behind and to the right.
4. Back slowly, turning the wheel sharply right, and stop before the curb you started from.
5. Shift to drive, look again, then move forward, steering to straighten up in the correct lane.

Backing up in a straight line

Some tests ask you to back up for a set distance close to a curb. Put your right hand on the back of the passenger seat if it helps, turn your body to look through the rear window and steer gently. Small steering movements are enough; reversing exaggerates them. Glance forward and to the sides now and then, because the front of the car swings as you back.

Good places and bad places

• Good: a quiet, wide residential street with clear views both ways.
• Bad: near the top of a hill or on a curve, where other drivers cannot see you.
• Bad: in heavy traffic or where signs prohibit turns.
• Often better: driving around the block or turning around in a safe driveway or lot.

Common mistakes

• Hitting or climbing the curb. Stop a little before it and use an extra movement if needed.
• Looking only at the mirrors when reversing. Turn your head and look back.
• Carrying on when a car appears. Stop and let it pass.
• Skipping the traffic check between movements. Look again in every direction before each forward or backward move.

Test yourself: Three-point turn and backing up

Answer each question, then read the explanation. Questions come in a random order each time.

Go deeper

• Three-Point Turn and K-Turn